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Towards a Sustainable Future: Embedding Planetary Health in Allied Health Professional Education Through the Lens of Indigenous Knowledges.

McPherson K et al. · Jul 1, 2026

Planetary health is increasingly recognised as an essential aspect of health professional education, yet its integration within allied health curricula in Australia remains fragmented. This commentary argues that meaningful and sustainable embedding of planetary health requires explicit engagement with Indigenous knowledges. Expanding curricula beyond Western views to include Indigenous eco-centric worldviews enables a deeper understanding of the interconnections between environmental health, human wellbeing and spiritual identity. We reflect on the influential role of accreditation standards in shaping educational priorities, highlighting the leadership demonstrated by medical and nursing professions and the relative absence of coordinated action across allied health in the context of planetary health. We propose the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Curriculum Framework as a culturally grounded lens through which planetary health education can be advanced within allied health education. Aligning planetary health capabilities with the Framework's five interconnected cultural capabilities offers a practical and transformative pathway to develop culturally capable graduates, strengthen environmental stewardship and promote climate justice. Urgent and inclusive educational reform is required to prepare the future allied health workforce for escalating planetary health challenges.

Environmental Science

Adaptive Multi-Agent UAV Path Planning: From Classical Optimization to Deep Reinforcement Learning

Hamed Raza · Aug 14, 2026

Abstract:Multi-agent UAV path planning in three-dimensional environ- ments with obstacles is a problem of fundamental importance for search-and-rescue, surveillance, and logistics operations. Existing classical optimization methods produce high-quality paths for static environments but fail when obstacles move or missions change mid-flight. We present a systematic progres- sion from a Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) baseline to a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) framework, training both DQN and PPO agents in a custom OpenAI Gym environment for 3D UAV navigation. Our key finding: PPO converges 40% faster than DQN under sparse-reward conditions—the realistic setting where agents receive feedback only upon goal completion or collision. We benchmark all three methods on identical test environments, measuring convergence speed, path optimality, and computational cost. The results reveal a fundamental trade- off: classical methods require zero training but cannot adapt; DRL requires upfront training but enables real-time obstacle avoidance. PPO offers the best cost-quality ratio, making it the preferred choice for practical UAV swarm deployments.

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS)Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs / Drones)Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)Motion Planning & Trajectory Optimization

Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Paracetamol in Malaysian Patients With Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria.

Wattanakul T et al. · Jul 1, 2026

Paracetamol may improve renal function in patients with severe Plasmodium knowlesi malaria, particularly in those with acute kidney injury and hemolysis, via inhibition of cell-free hemoglobin mediated oxidative kidney damage. We developed a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to assess effects of paracetamol on creatinine, hepatotoxicity, fever clearance, and parasite clearance among Malaysian patients with predominantly non-severe knowlesi malaria using data from the PACKNOW trial (Clinical Trials Registration: NCT03056391). A total of 372 patients were included in the PK/PD analyses (paracetamol: n = 183, control: n = 189). Paracetamol PK was described using a prior PK model published in patients with falciparum malaria. The PK/PD demonstrated that higher paracetamol exposures were associated with a faster decline in both creatinine and fever clearance time, supporting its renoprotective and antipyretic effects. Increased paracetamol exposure was not associated with hepatotoxicity or serious adverse events, despite a weak positive association with liver transaminases over time. No significant relationship was observed between paracetamol exposure and parasite clearance. Overall, these findings highlight an exposure-response relationship for paracetamol and a decline in creatinine, supporting its use as a renoprotective drug in treating Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.

Medicine

Integrative Transcriptomic and Functional Analysis of PKMYT1 Reveals a Potential Therapeutic Target in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Bispo ECI et al. · Jul 1, 2026

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous disease. PKMYT1, a G2/M cell cycle kinase, has been implicated in tumor progression in several cancers, but its role in CLL remains unclear. We evaluated PKMYT1 expression in primary CLL samples and analyzed associations with cytogenetic features and clinical parameters. PKMYT1 expression was heterogeneous and correlated with adverse features, including complex karyotype and elevated leukocyte counts. Comparative transcriptomic analyses between high- and low-expression groups revealed enrichment of pathways related to chromatin remodeling, DNA repair, and mitotic regulation. In MEC1 cells, pharmacological PKMYT1 inhibition significantly reduced cancer cell viability. PCR analysis showed upregulation of TP53, CASP3, BAK, GSDMD, BCL2, CASP1, IL1β, RIPK1, and RIPK3, indicating activation of apoptotic, inflammasome-associated, and necroptotic pathways. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PKMYT1 is heterogeneously expressed in CLL, associated with adverse cytogenetic and clinical features, and critical for cell survival, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Medicine

'It's Primarily Around Their Viral Load': Public Health Decision-Making and HIV Risk Assemblages in Ontario, Canada.

Daroya E et al. · Jul 1, 2026

In Ontario, Canada, public health authorities can issue and enforce orders to people living with HIV (PLWH). However, how public health practitioners determine when someone's behaviours constitute 'significant' risk remains underexplored. We drew on assemblage theory to examine how HIV risk is co-constituted through the interplay among biomedical technologies, institutional practices, legal frameworks and social discourses. We conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with public health personnel and used reflexive thematic analysis. Five interrelated themes emerged. First, high viral load was considered a potential risk indicator when associated with high-risk activities. Second, discontinuity in HIV care may flag individuals for intervention. Third, co-infection with sexually transmissible and blood-borne infections (STBBI) triggered a viral load review to assess HIV exposure potential. Fourth, noncompliance with public health directives positioned PLWH as needing management. Fifth, Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) discourses have reconfigured and neutralised risk, functioning as a technology of reflexive governance. However, uptake of U = U was described as uneven across Ontario's public health units, leading to variable, and sometimes coercive, approaches. By conceptualising HIV risk as emergent, this study challenges individualised notions of responsibility and highlights the relational production of risk. Adoption of U = U and equity-based public health practices is needed to ensure nonpunitive HIV responses.

Social Sciences

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